西藏與四川

原帖由 dye 於 2008-5-17 14:05 發表
我想長江三峽大水壩只要不要有太多外判，也不會發生什麼事。

因為現代中華人民共和國也是一個品牌。長江三峽大水壩一旦出了這麼大的醜聞，人民對政府的信心怎不大幅下滑？官員們到時還不是吃不完的兜著走 ...

幽王二年西周三川皆震伯陽父曰周將亡矣

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Probe International

EARTHQUAKE UPDATE

1. China earthquakes. More peril: Dam and reservoir collapse (ChinaStakes 17/05/08)

2. China sends experts to assess reservoir damage in quake-hit Sichuan (Xinhua 16/05/08)


1. China earthquakes. More peril: Dam and reservoir collapse (ChinaStakes 17/05/08)

The 7.8 earthquake that shook Sichuan Province in the afternoon of May 12, killing an estimated 50,000, is posing a continuing threat as the untold damage to hydropower stations and reservoir dams upstream on the Min River (the Minjiang) becomes apparent. The Minjiang is a tributary of the Yangtze River.

“We’re ready to go to the earthquake affected areas. The Ministry of Water may summon us at any time,” Li Lei, professor at the Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, said to a China Business News reporter.

The National Development and Reform Commission has revealed the destruction caused to water facilities by the earthquake. By 5pm, May 13, safety problems had been discovered at 391 reservoirs, including two big ones, 28 medium ones and 361 small ones, in Sichuan and other four provinces.

The quake and its aftershocks were strong enough to cause damage to the foundation and body of the dams and reduce their bearing capacity. “Judging from the number of the dams destroyed, the damage is very serious,” said Professor Li Lei.

Sichuan has about 7,000 dams in its system, 70% of which were built in 1950s or 1960s, which now needs to be consolidated.

The 340 km upstream of the Minjiang rises in northwest Sichuan Province and flows down to Dujiangyan, a city close to the epicenter. The river runs between mountains along the transitional area between the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Sichuan Basin.

Han Zhengjiang, Vice-Director of the Chongqing Water Bureau, said at the press briefing yesterday that as of 9am, May 13, 19 reservoirs and 125 cisterns were in danger.

The Ministry of Water quickly established an earthquake headquarters and has sent workgroups and experts directly to the affected areas. A Sichuan Water Conservancy Station issued an urgent alert on the security of water conservancy projects on May 13 after the earthquake.

With its plentiful rivers, Sichuan (which in Mandarin means “four rivers") has a slew of hydropower stations. The drainage basins of the Jinsha, Yalong and Dadu Rivers are all important hydropower bases. At the end of 2007, the capacity of Sichuan hydropower stations amounted to 18.8 million kw, about 62% of Sichuan total electricity production capacity, and 13% of China’s hydropower capacity. In 2007 hydropower stations generated about 63% of Sichuan’s total generated power, a highest such percentage in China.

On May 13, several dams holding reservoirs upstream of Wenchuan were in extreme danger, and the dam in front of the Tulong Reservoir on the Minjiang[[[[[岷江]]]] could have collapsed at any time. Had this happened, several hydropower stations downstream would have been in peril.

That danger has been relieved by reducing the reservoir’s water level. Other reservoir dams have also been affected by the earthquakes, but due to low water levels, they are now relatively safe.

“We’re very concerned about reservoirs, especially the big ones,” said Hu Xianming, an expert on earthquake and reservoir.

A survivor in Wenchuan[[[[[汶川]]]] said, “During the earthquake, I saw the Zipingpu[[[[[紫坪鋪]]]] Reservoir[[水庫]] water level leap, and village [[[[[sssssss]]]] in the mountains disappeared in the debris flow in a second. It was terrible.”

A Ministry of Water spokesman said the earthquake cracked the fish-gate of the hydro project in Dujianyan[[[[[都江堰]]]], and a backup generator room had collapsed, but this did not affect the safe operation of the project.

The Ministry of Water has made plans to ensure the safety of the Zipingpu Dam, Dujiangyan City, and the Chengdu Plain. “We have gotten though the drainage channel of the Zipingpu Reservoir to reduce the water level. Now the water is draining at 700 cubic meters a second.

The Minjiang water system is rich in power resources. There are 396 hydropower stations in this area, with the total installed capacity of 112×105 kW, and the annual power generation of 46.89×109 kWh.

There several fault zones in the Aba area. These fault zones affect the geological development and crustal stability of the area.

Chai Hejun, a researcher in Chongqing Transportation Research and Design Institute has investigated the Minjiang upstream many times. He says special attention must be paid to the situation of upstream waters

“The earthquake created blockages that will form many new lakes and streams. When water accumulates these may collapse and greatly threaten downstream people and hydro projects,” said Chai Hejun.

Chinastakes.com is the first online English publication dedicated to reviewing China's finance/economy/business.

2. China sends experts to assess reservoir damage in quake-hit Sichuan (Xinhua 16/05/08)

BEIJING -- China's Ministry of Water Resources on Friday dispatched nine emergency repair teams to Sichuan to assess the conditions of reservoirs after Monday's massive earthquake.

The teams, with more than 100 experts, would be sent to six hard-hit regions, including Mianyang[[[[[岷江]]]], Deyang[[[[[德陽]]]] and Aba[[[[[阿壩]]]], to check the situation of dikes, reservoirs and hydropower plants.

They would assess the damage and draw up plans to prevent secondary disasters or evacuations, if necessary, the ministry said.

The ministry had set up a command center for disaster rescue and relief operations and sent 71 water resource experts to seven quake-stricken provincial regions amid concerns that the weakened dams might collapse.

Minister Chen Lei warned Thursday that Sichuan, where the epicenter is located, has a large number of reservoirs, many of which have sustained significant but still unknown damage.

According to the ministry, the Zipingpu dam, near the quake epicenter in Wenchuan County, is structurally stable and safe despite some minor damages.

Other key water projects in Sichuan, including the more than 2,000-year-old Dujiangyan[[都江堰]] irrigation system, the south-to-north water diversion project and the Three Gorges Dam are all reported safe.





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原帖由 dye 於 2008-5-17 14:05 發表
我想長江三峽大水壩只要不要有太多外判，也不會發生什麼事。

因為現代中華人民共和國也是一個品牌。長江三峽大水壩一旦出了這麼大的醜聞，人民對政府的信心怎不大幅下滑？官員們到時還不是吃不完的兜著走 ...

四川地震列表
維基百科，自由的百科全書
跳轉到: 導航, 搜尋
汉漢▼▲

中國四川省由於位於地震帶，
故曾發生多次地震，其中芮氏達到6.0的有：
地震名稱         　         年份         　         芮氏         　         震央
康定-瀘定大地震                 1786年6月1日                 7.8                 康定縣、瀘定縣
（瀘定）                 1786年6月10日                 7.0                 甘孜藏族自治州瀘定縣
1816年爐霍大地震                 1816年                 7.5                 甘孜藏族自治州爐霍縣
西昌大地震                 1850年                 7.5                 涼山彝族自治州西昌市
茂縣大地震                 1933年         　         7.5         　         茂縣疊溪鎮
馬邊地震                 1935年         　         6.0         　         樂山市馬邊彝族自治縣
康定折多塘大地震         　         1955年         　         7.5         　         康定縣折多塘
會理地震         　         1955年         　         6.75         　         會理縣魚鮓鄉
1973年爐霍大地震         　         1973年         　         7.6         　         甘孜藏族自治州爐霍縣
康定-九龍地震         　         1975年         　         6.2         　         康定縣、九龍縣
松潘-平武大地震         　         1976年         　         7.2         　         松潘縣、平武縣
鹽源-寧蒗地震         　         1976年         　         6.7         　         四川鹽源縣、雲南麗江市寧蒗彝族自治縣
道孚地震         　         1981年         　         6.9         　         道孚縣麻孜鄉溝普村
甘孜地震         　         1982年         　         6.0         　         甘孜縣扎科鄉
巴塘地震         　         1989年         　         6.7         　         巴塘縣小壩沖村
雅江地震         　         2001年         　         6.0         　         雅江縣
汶川大地震         　         2008年         　         7.8         　         汶川縣

[編輯] 延伸閱讀

    * 《四川地震資料匯編》

[編輯] 外部鏈結

    * 中國的特大地震
http://210.72.100.6/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3.htm

原帖由 dye 於 2008-5-17 14:05 發表
我想長江三峽大水壩只要不要有太多外判，也不會發生什麼事。

因為現代中華人民共和國也是一個品牌。長江三峽大水壩一旦出了這麼大的醜聞，人民對政府的信心怎不大幅下滑？官員們到時還不是吃不完的兜著走 ...

原帖由 抽刀斷水 於 2008-5-17 10:59 發表

衣著是整齊，但也沾有泥漬：

3n8Gl3jaQu4

真好假好，也是用來鼓勵人心吧，這時候我沒想那麼多。

原帖由 秀雲 於 2008-5-23 09:27 發表
三峡，并非危言聳聽--------

黄万里毕生反对三峡工程　预言大坝终将被迫炸掉  http://history.163.com/06/0823/13/2P7D3P4600011246.html 　核心提示：今年是黄万里先生逝世5周年。出身名门，作为黄炎培之子的黄万里，一生 ...

原帖由 抽刀斷水 於 2008-5-22 22:16 發表
有時，我們寧可接受虛假，多於直接面對真實。